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Where are the osteogenic layers of bone?
periosteum
Immature osteogenic cells are found in the deep layers of the periosteum and the marrow. When they differentiate, they develop into osteoblasts. The dynamic nature of bone means that new tissue is constantly formed, while old, injured, or unnecessary bone is dissolved for repair or for calcium release.
What does the osteogenic layer of bone do?
The periosteum is a complex structure composed of an outer fibrous layer that lends structural integrity and an inner cambium layer that possesses osteogenic potential. During growth and development it contributes to bone elongation and modeling, and when the bone is injured, participates in its recovery.
What are the 3 main parts layers of the bone?
Each bone has three main layers:
- Periosteum: The periosteum is a tough membrane that covers and protects the outside of the bone.
- Compact bone: Below the periosteum, compact bone is white, hard, and smooth.
- Spongy bone: The core, inner layer of the bone is softer than compact bone.
What does bone consist of?
Bones are made up of a framework of a protein called collagen, with a mineral called calcium phosphate that makes the framework hard and strong. Bones store calcium and release some into the bloodstream when it’s needed by other parts of the body.
How many parts does a bone have?
The skeleton The human skeleton is made up of 206 bones, including bones of the: Skull – including the jaw bone. Spine – cervical, thoracic and lumbar vertebrae, sacrum and tailbone (coccyx) Chest – ribs and breastbone (sternum)
How does the inner osteogenic layer form new bone?
The inner osteogenic layer or cambium layer can form new bone while the outer layer forms part of the insertions of tendons, ligaments and muscles. The cortical bone of diaphyses and metaphyses has a dual blood supply that allows loss of one source of circulation without adversely affecting the viability of the tissue.
Where are the bone cells located in the body?
The answer lies in the properties of a third category of bone cells—the osteogenic cell. These osteogenic cells are undifferentiated with high mitotic activity and they are the only bone cells that divide. Immature osteogenic cells are found in the deep layers of the periosteum and the marrow. They differentiate and develop into osteoblasts.
What are the two layers of the periosteum?
Periosteum covers the external surface of bone and consists of two layers: an outer fibrous layer and an inner more cellular and vascular layer. The inner osteogenic layer or cambium layer can form new bone while the outer layer forms part of the insertions of tendons, ligaments and muscles.
What makes up the organic part of the bone matrix?
The bone matrix has an organic component, primarily type I collagen, which gives it tensile strength and an inorganic component, primarily hydroxyapatite, which gives it stiffness to compression. Specialized populations of bone cells form, maintain and remodel this matrix.