Which factor affects the condition of a fire stream?

Which factor affects the condition of a fire stream?

A stream of water or other extinguishing agent after it leaves a fire hose nozzle until it reaches the desired target. When passing through air, a fire stream is affected by what 4 things? it’s velocity, gravity, wind, and friction with air.

Which of the following are required for effective fire streams?

You must get water on the fire quickly and safely. Effective fire streams consist of three major elements: manageable nozzle reaction, effective reach, and sufficient flow.

What two factors determine the volume of water discharged by a fire stream?

The volume of water discharged is determined by nozzle design and water pressure. Fire stream type is the pattern or shape of the stream as it leaves the nozzle. Several components are required for a fire stream to be effective. A solid stream is produced from a fixed orifice and a smooth bore nozzle.

What is a broken stream nozzle?

The broken or aspirated stream nozzle provides great mobility and excellent gpm flow at low nozzle pressures. It’s larger than other nozzles and aspirates the stream as it travels through the tip, producing large water droplets to better absorb heat.

What impact does water hammer have on fire streams?

Water hammer can damage water mains, plumbing, fire hose, hydrants, and fire pumps.

What is one advantage of the Minuteman load?

One final advantage with the minute-man load is the ability to easily extend a line by shouldering the nozzle bundle, disconnecting it from the supply bundle, then adding it to the end of your line for an additional 100-feet of attack line.

What capability of water helps cool the fire by driving heat and smoke from the area?

The vaporization of water also absorbs heat; it thereby cools the smoke, air, walls, and objects that could act as further fuel, and thus prevents one of the means by which fires grow, which is by “jumping” to nearby heat/fuel sources to start new fires, which then combine.

How do you calculate nozzle reaction?

The nozzle reaction is found to be: R = ρ Q 2 / A2 , where A2 is the discharge diameter, Q is the volumetric flow rate, R is the magnitude of the nozzle reaction, and r is the water density. This equation shows that the reaction is proportional to the flow rate squared, divided by the nozzle diameter.

What do you pump a smooth bore nozzle at?

The operating pressure of the smooth bore is a range from 40 to 60 pounds per square inch (psi), with 50 psi as optimal.

What is an automatic fog nozzle?

Conventional fog nozzles have a fixed or selectable gpm setting. With an automatic nozzle, the discharge orifice continually adjusts depending on the flow to the nozzle. This sets the flow being supplied to the proper nozzle pressure and correct velocity for maximum extinguishing capability.

What are the two types of fire nozzles?

There are five basic nozzle types:

• the solid bore.
• the single gallonage (sometimes called variable pressure/variable flow)
• the adjustable gallonage.
• the automatic or constant pressure.

What is a water hammer in fire fighting?

As a result, the pressure in the pipe increases, creating a quick and powerful shockwave that travels about as fast as the speed of sound. This sort of event is called water hammer, a pressure surge following a sudden change in water’s flow rate. Most often, water hammer happens when valves suddenly close or open.

How does a stream of water work in a fire?

Stream of water or other water-based extinguishing agent after it leaves the fire hose and nozzle until it reaches the desired point. Vaporization Process of evolution that changes a liquid into a gaseous state. The rate of vaporization depends on the substance involved, heat, and pressure. Latent Heat of Vaporization

What are the different types of fire streams?

There are 3 different types of stream patterns: -Solid -Fog -Broken You should know that: A fire stream must have the following components: -Pump -Hose -Nozzle -Agent (water) You should know that: There are 5 factors that affect the reach of a fog stream:

What’s the best way to proportion a fire stream?

Injection Method of proportioning foam that uses an external pump or head pressure to force foam concentrate into the fire stream at the correct ratio for the flow desired. You should know that: Batch-mixing is the simplest and most accurate method of mixing foam concentrate and water.

What causes the reach of a fog stream?

There are 5 factors that affect the reach of a fog stream: -Gravity -Water velocity -Fire stream pattern selection -Water droplet friction with air -Wind Nozzle Pressure Velocity pressure at which water is discharged from the nozzle