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What type of lava is Mt Pinatubo?
The modern Pinatubo is a dome complex and stratovolcano made of dacite and andesite. This complex is surrounded by pyroclastic flow and lahar deposits from large explosive eruptions. These explosive eruptions have been clustered into 6-12 eruptive periods.
What is the magma composition of Mount Pinatubo?
ABSTRACT. The June 1991 activity of Mount Pinatubo erupted about 5 cubic kilometers of magma, mainly during the paroxysmal June 15 eruption. Most of the erupted magma was dacite with an overall constant composition (64.5 weight percent SiO2) but with variable amounts of phenocrysts.
Did Mount Pinatubo have lava?
When even more highly gas charged magma reached Pinatubo’s surface on June 15, the volcano exploded in a cataclysmic eruption that ejected more than 1 cubic mile (5 cubic kilometers) of material. From July to October 1992, a lava dome was built in the new caldera as fresh magma rose from deep beneath Pinatubo.
How did Mount Pinatubo form magma?
Huge pyroclastic flows roared down the flanks of Mount Pinatubo, filling once-deep valleys with fresh volcanic deposits as much as 200 m (660 ft) thick. The eruption removed so much magma and rock from below the volcano that the summit collapsed to form a 2.5 km (1.6 mi) wide caldera.
Is Pinatubo still active?
The Pinatubo eruption on 15 June 1991 was the second largest volcanic eruption of the 20th century. Pinatubo is a complex of lava domes located 100 km NW of Manila city, Luzon Island, Philippines. Prior to the eruption, Pinatubo was a little known volcano and it had been dormant for 400 years.
What are the names of the volcanoes near Pinatubo?
Ancestral Pinatubo. Several mountains near modern Pinatubo are old satellite vents of ancestral Pinatubo, forming volcanic plugs and lava domes. These satellite vents were probably active around the same time as the ancestral volcano and include the domes of Mount Negron, Mount Cuadrado, Mount Mataba and the Bituin and Tapungho plugs.
What kind of debris does Mount Pinatubo have?
Lahars that contain the most debris (as much as 90%) move the fastest and are the most destructive. The village of Lourdes, built on lowlands 15 miles northeast of Mount Pinatubo, was inundated by giant, fast-moving mudflows of volcanic debris (lahars) in the months following the volcano’s cataclysmic June 1991 eruption.
What was the cause of the 1991 eruption of Mount Pinatubo?
Main article: 1991 eruption of Mount Pinatubo In March and April 1991, magma rising toward the surface from more than 32 km (20 mi) beneath Pinatubo triggered small volcano tectonic earthquakes and caused powerful steam explosions that blasted three craters on the north flank of the volcano.
Where did the lahars of Mount Pinatubo come from?
The village of Lourdes, built on lowlands 15 miles northeast of Mount Pinatubo, was inundated by giant, fast-moving mudflows of volcanic debris (lahars) in the months following the volcano’s cataclysmic June 1991 eruption.