What is electron affinity in simple terms?

What is electron affinity in simple terms?

1 : the degree to which an atom or molecule attracts additional electrons. 2 : the minimum energy required to remove an electron from a negative ion to produce a neutral atom or molecule.

What is electron affinity example?

Electron affinity is the energy change that results from adding an electron to a gaseous atom. For example, when a fluorine atom in the gaseous state gains an electron to form F⁻(g), the associated energy change is -328 kJ/mol.

What is electron affinity in periodic table?

The electron affinity of an atom or molecule is the propensity for that particle to gain an electron. Electron affinity generally increases across a period in the periodic table and sometimes decreases down a group.

What is the electron affinity of an atom?

Electron affinity, in chemistry, the amount of energy liberated when an electron is added to a neutral atom to form a negatively charged ion. These values were obtained from measurements of heats of formation and lattice energies of ionic compounds of the elements.

Which group has highest electron affinity?

Noble gases have maximum electron affinity.

Which element has the highest electron affinity?

Chlorine
Chlorine has the highest electron affinity among the elements. Its high electron affinity can be attributed to its large atomic radius, or size. Because chlorine’s outermost orbital is 3p, its electrons have a large amount of space to share with an incoming electron.

What causes electron affinity?

Electron affinity increases upward for the groups and from left to right across periods of a periodic table because the electrons added to energy levels become closer to the nucleus, thus a stronger attraction between the nucleus and its electrons.

What is a positive electron affinity?

A positive electron affinity means that energy is required for the electron to be added to the atom. A negative electron affinity means that energy is released when the electron is added to the atom. You should know that a greater electron affinity is a more negative value.

How do you know which element has the highest electron affinity?

Chlorine has the highest electron affinity while mercury has the lowest. Electron affinity generally increases across a period (row) in the periodic table, due to the filling of the valence shell of the atom.

Which period has the highest electron affinity?

(d)- Period 2, group 1. Hint: The element which has the highest affinity belongs to the halogen group. The number of shells in the element is 3.

Cs, Ba, Sr, etc.) have low electron affinities and the halogens in group VII (Br, Cl, F, etc) have the highest electron affinities. Chlorine has the highest electron affinity on the periodic table.

What is the difference between electronegativity and electron affinity?

Electronegativity is the property of an atom to bind with another atom while electron affinity is the power of an atom to attract the bond pair towards itself in the molecule. In general, atoms that have high electron affinity tend to be more electronegative. Electron affinity is the amount of energy released when an atom acquires an electron.

What does electron affinity determine?

The primary use of electron affinity values is to determine whether an atom or molecule will act as an electron acceptor or an electron donor and whether a pair of reactants will participate in charge-transfer reactions . Electron affinity is most often reported in units of kilojoule per mole (kJ/mol).

What unit of measurement is used for electron affinity?

Here X is any element taken in the gaseous state and E.A. is the electron affinity. The unit of electron affinity is electron volts per atom or kilo joule per mole.