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Where are genes located in the nucleus?
Genes are contained in chromosomes, which are in the cell nucleus. A chromosome contains hundreds to thousands of genes. Every normal human cell contains 23 pairs of chromosomes, for a total of 46 chromosomes.
What structure are genes on in the nucleus?
In the nucleus of each cell, the DNA molecule is packaged into thread-like structures called chromosomes. Each chromosome is made up of DNA tightly coiled many times around proteins called histones that support its structure.
Where are genes found on?
Genes are found on tiny spaghetti-like structures called chromosomes (say: KRO-moh-somes). And chromosomes are found inside cells. Your body is made of billions of cells. Cells are the very small units that make up all living things.
How are genes stored in the nucleus?
In eukaryotes, however, genetic material is housed in the nucleus and tightly packaged into linear chromosomes. Chromosomes are made up of a DNA-protein complex called chromatin that is organized into subunits called nucleosomes.
What are genes made up?
Genes are made up of DNA. Some genes act as instructions to make molecules called proteins. However, many genes do not code for proteins. In humans, genes vary in size from a few hundred DNA bases to more than 2 million bases.
Where are the genes located in the cell?
Genes are the instructions according to which all the proteins and some non-coding RNAs are produced. They are mainly present within a nucleus of a cell and sometimes within mitochondria, chloroplast or plastid. In prokaryotes they presents within cytoplasm as there is no proper cell organelles.
Why are genes found in a circular DNA molecule?
Here a small circular DNA molecule with a couple of genes is present. The reason that also here genes are found is because of the endosymbiotic theory. This theory states that bacteria (prokaryotes) lived inside eukaryotic cells that eventually became organelles of the eukaryotes itself.
Which is the complex formed by DNA and its supporting proteins?
The complex formed by DNA and its supporting structural proteins is known as chromatin. You can learn more about DNA, chromatin, and chromosomes in the DNA and chromosomes article. Left: image of a chromosome, showing how it is made up of DNA wound around histones and then arranged in loops and other higher-order structures.
Why is each DNA molecule in a cell called a chromosome?
Because the cell is very small, and because organisms have many DNA molecules per cell, each DNA molecule must be tightly packaged. This packaged form of the DNA is called a chromosome.