Admin Table of Contents
- 1 Which molecule is made during the process of transcription?
- 2 What polymer is synthesized during transcription?
- 3 What are the 3 main steps of transcription?
- 4 What are the 3 functions of DNA?
- 5 What are the 4 steps of transcription?
- 6 What are the 5 steps in DNA replication?
- 7 How does DNA copy itself during cell division?
- 8 Why is each DNA molecule in a cell called a chromosome?
Which molecule is made during the process of transcription?
messenger RNA (mRNA)
Transcription is the process by which the information in a strand of DNA is copied into a new molecule of messenger RNA (mRNA).
Which part of a DNA molecule carries the genetic instructions?
Which part of a DNA molecule carries the genetic instructions that are unique of each individual: the sugar-phosphate backbone or the nitrogen-containing bases? The backbone is the sane in all Nitrogen bases. The nitrogen containing based provide the genetic, unique instructions for each individual.
What polymer is synthesized during transcription?
Pre-mRNA
a. What polymer is synthesized during transcription? Pre-mRNA.
How do cells replicate?
Replication occurs in three major steps: the opening of the double helix and separation of the DNA strands, the priming of the template strand, and the assembly of the new DNA segment. Finally, a special enzyme called DNA polymerase organizes the assembly of the new DNA strands.
What are the 3 main steps of transcription?
It involves copying a gene’s DNA sequence to make an RNA molecule. Transcription is performed by enzymes called RNA polymerases, which link nucleotides to form an RNA strand (using a DNA strand as a template). Transcription has three stages: initiation, elongation, and termination.
What are the 5 steps of transcription?
Transcription can be broken into five stages: pre-initiation, initiation, promoter clearance, elongation, and termination:
- of 05. Pre-Initiation. Atomic Imagery / Getty Images.
- of 05. Initiation. Forluvoft / Wikimedia Commons / Public Domain.
- of 05. Promoter Clearance.
- of 05. Elongation.
- of 05. Termination.
What are the 3 functions of DNA?
DNA now has three distinct functions—genetics, immunological, and structural—that are widely disparate and variously dependent on the sugar phosphate backbone and the bases.
What are the four nitrogenous base of DNA?
Adenine, thymine, cytosine and guanine are the four nucleotides found in DNA.
What are the 4 steps of transcription?
Transcription involves four steps:
- Initiation. The DNA molecule unwinds and separates to form a small open complex.
- Elongation. RNA polymerase moves along the template strand, synthesising an mRNA molecule.
- Termination. In prokaryotes there are two ways in which transcription is terminated.
- Processing.
What are the two categories of polymers?
Polymers fall into two categories:
- thermosetting plastic or thermoset.
- thermoforming plastic or thermoplastic.
What are the 5 steps in DNA replication?
What are the 5 steps of DNA replication in order?
- Step 1: Replication Fork Formation. Before DNA can be replicated, the double stranded molecule must be “unzipped” into two single strands.
- Step 2: Primer Binding. The leading strand is the simplest to replicate.
- Step 3: Elongation.
- Step 4: Termination.
What is the order of enzymes in DNA replication?
Helicase (unwinds the DNA double helix) Gyrase (relieves the buildup of torque during unwinding) Primase (lays down RNA primers) DNA polymerase III (main DNA synthesis enzyme)
How does DNA copy itself during cell division?
So, if you know the sequence of the bases on one strand of a DNA double helix, it is a simple matter to figure out the sequence of bases on the other strand. DNA’s unique structure enables the molecule to copy itself during cell division. When a cell prepares to divide, the DNA helix splits down the middle and becomes two single strands.
How are the instructions in DNA used to make proteins?
DNA’s instructions are used to make proteins in a two-step process. First, enzymes read the information in a DNA molecule and transcribe it into an intermediary molecule called messenger ribonucleic acid, or mRNA.
Why is each DNA molecule in a cell called a chromosome?
Because the cell is very small, and because organisms have many DNA molecules per cell, each DNA molecule must be tightly packaged. This packaged form of the DNA is called a chromosome.
What makes up the backbone of a DNA molecule?
DNA molecules contain information for building specific ___. In a three-dimensional view, a DNA molecule looks like a spiral staircase, this is correctly called a ___. The constant parts of DNA molecules are the ___ and ___ molecules, forming the DNA-ladder uprights, or backbones.